Ƙwayoyin Thyroid da kuma Metabolism: Abin da Yake Sa Ka Sha Mai

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Yadda jijiyarka take shafan ƙwayar jikinka

Gland ya samar da hormones biyu: T4 (thyroxine) da T3 (triiodothyronine). T4 shine mafi yawan nau'in ajiya; T3 shine mai aiki wanda ke shiga cikin sel kuma yana ƙara amfani da makamashi, bugun zuciya da ƙona calories. Kwayar pituitary tana kula da shi ta hanyar TSH: idan akwai karancin hormone, TSH na tashi don matsawa glandar da karfi; idan akwai yawa, TSH yana sauka. Saboda haka, yawan TSH yana nufin cewa ƙwayar thyroid tana aiki a hankali (hypothyroidism) kuma yawan TSH yana nufin cewa ƙwayar thyroid tana aiki da sauri (hyperthyroidism).

Yawancin dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna amfani da ma'aunin TSH na kusan 0.4-4.0 mIU / L, amma TSH kadai ba duka labarin bane. Ana karanta shi tare da T4 kyauta (FT4), wani lokacin FT3, da anti-TPO antibodies, wanda ke nuna ko tsarin autoimmune yana bayan sa. Cutar Hashimoto ita ce mafi yawan sanadin cutar hypothyroidism.

Yadda yake rage yawan adadin kuzari da ake cinyewa

Mutane suna samun wannan ba daidai ba a duka hanyoyi. Idan ba a yi maganin cutar ba, za a rage yawan kuzari da ake kashewa a lokacin da ake hutawa da kashi 5 zuwa 15. Idan ka ƙone kimanin kcal 2,000 a rana, wannan shine kcal 100 zuwa 250 ƙasa da isa don ƙara wasu kilogram a cikin shekara idan ba ka canza kome ba, ba kusa da isa ya bayyana karin 20 kg.

Yawanci yawan nauyin jiki da sabon hypothyroidism shine 2 zuwa 5 kg, kuma babban rabo daga wannan shine ruwa da glycogen da aka riƙe, ba mai ba. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa mutane da yawa suka rasa 2-3 kg a cikin watan farko na magani ba tare da kusan ƙoƙari ba, sannan kuma ya tsaya. Cutar hyperthyroidism tana haifar da akasin haka: ƙonewa zai iya ƙaruwa da kashi 15 zuwa 25 cikin ɗari, nauyi ya ragu a cin abinci na yau da kullum, kuma tsoka ta fita tare da kitse.

Rashin aiki na thyroid yana sa asarar kitse ya fi wuya. Amma hakan ba ya nufin cewa ba zai yiwu ba. Har yanzu daidaiton makamashi yana yanke shawarar sakamakon, lambar kawai ba ta da gafara.

Alamun da ya kamata a kula da su

Idan ya yi tafiya a hankali

• Gajiya da ke ci gaba da barci na sa'o'i takwas, na makonni a jere
• Jin sanyi lokacin da babu wanda yake, hannaye da ƙafafun sanyi
• Dry fata, gashi mai zubar da gashi, kusoshi masu rauni, maƙarƙashiya
• Rashin zuciya a cikin 55-60 ba tare da dalili ba
• Ƙarfin da ke cikin dakin motsa jiki ba tare da canji a cikin shirin ba

Idan ya yi gudu da sauri

• Rashin kwanciyar hankali fiye da 90-100, bugun zuciya
• Rashin nauyi a lokacin cin abinci na al'ada ko kuma ƙara yawan abinci
• Damuwa, rawar jiki na hannu, rashin barci
• Zuma, rashin haƙuri da zafi, ƙarancin ƙura

Lokacin da za ka je wurin likita

Wannan ba batun duba alamun ba ne gwajin jini yana da arha kuma yana warware shi cikin 'yan kwanaki. Tambayi likitanka don TSH da FT4 idan:

• kun samu ko rasa fiye da kashi 5 cikin dari na nauyin jiki a cikin watanni 3 ba tare da ƙoƙarin ba
• gajiya ta wuce makonni 4-6 kuma bacci baya gyara ta
• yawan bugun zuciyarka a lokacin hutawa ya fi 100 ko kasa da 50
• kuna jin ƙuƙwalwa a gaban wuyanku ko matsa lamba lokacin haɗiyewa
• kuna da ciki ko kuna shirin yin ciki, tun da yake buƙatar hormone ya karu da kashi 30-50

Kulawa a rana ɗaya: ciwon wuya mai tsanani tare da zazzabi, bugun zuciya a hutawa fiye da 120 tare da ciwon kirji ko rikicewa, ko wahalar numfashi.

Abincin da ke taimakawa da gaske

• Iodine: kimanin mcg 150 a rana ga manya, 220-250 mcg a cikin ciki. Da yawan gishiri da kifi sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako. Ƙari ba shi da kyau kasancewa sama da 600 mcg a rana zai iya ƙara muni duka thyroid da ke aiki da yawa.
• Selenum: a cikin 55-70 mcg kowace rana, iyakar iyaka 400 mcg. Kwayoyi biyu na Brazil na iya samar da 100-200 mcg, don haka babu bukatar tara su.
• Ƙarfin furotin: 1.6-2.2 g da kilogram na nauyin jiki a kowace rana. Tare da rashin aiki da kuma rashin aiki wannan shine abu mafi mahimmanci, domin yana kare tsoka.
• Rashin kuɗi: 300-500 kcal a ƙasa da kiyayewa, da nufin 0.5-0.75 bisa dari na nauyin jiki a mako. Abincin da bai kai 1,400-1,500 kcal ba yana sa hutawa ta ƙone kuma yana ƙara gajiya da rashin haƙuri da sanyi.
• Ƙarƙashin ƙwayoyin cuta (kabari, broccoli, kabewa, soya): dafa abinci yana rage tasirin, kuma suna da mahimmanci ne kawai a cikin matsanancin adadin hade da ƙananan iodine. Babu dalilin yanka kayan lambu.
• Fiber a 25-35 g da 2-2.5 lita na ruwa a kowace rana taimaka tare da maƙarƙashiya da ta zo tare da hypothyroidism.

Horarwa

Idan ka kula da thyroid da kyau za ka horar da kanka kamar kowa. Idan ba a yi nasara ba tukuna, ka daidaita yawan abin da kake yi, ba burin da kake yi ba.

• Ƙarfin: Sashi 3 a mako, 10-20 na tsauri a kowace ƙungiyar tsoka a mako, 6-12 maimaitawa, 2-3 minti hutawa.
• Ƙarfin zuciya: Minti 150 na motsa jiki mai sauƙi ko kuma minti 75 na motsa jiki mai ƙarfi a mako, da kuma matakai 7,000 zuwa 10,000 a rana.
• Tare da hypothyroidism, rage girman da kashi 20-30 cikin dari na makonni 2-3 yayin da ake yin allurar, maimakon dakatar.
• Tare da rashin kulawa da hyperthyroidism, Tashi mai nauyi da gudu suna jiran izinin likita zuciyar ta riga ta yi aiki na tsawon lokaci.
• Ku yi barci na awa bakwai zuwa tara. Rashin barci yana nuna alamun cutar thyroid.

Idan kana shan magani

• Levothyroxine yana zuwa a cikin komai a ciki, mintuna 30-60 kafin karin kumallo, tare da ruwa, ba tare da kofi ba.
• Ka ajiye alli, baƙin ƙarfe da magnesium aƙalla awanni 4 daga kwamfutar hannu.
• Sake duba TSH makonni 6-8 bayan kowane canjin kashi, ba bayan kwanaki 10 ba.
• Kada ka daidaita maganin da kanka bisa ga yadda kake ji ko abin da sikelin ya ce.

Gajerun bayanai

• Kwayar thyroid tana canja wutar lantarki da kashi 5 zuwa 25 cikin dari, ba kashi 50 ba.
• Na farko na karuwar nauyi a hypothyroidism shine mafi yawan ruwa, yawanci 2-5 kg.
• TSH, FT4 da anti-TPO sun amsa tambayar a cikin 'yan kwanaki; bayyanar cututtuka ba.
• Protein a 1.6-2.2 g/kg, rashi na 300-500 kcal da kuma zaman karfi 3 a mako har yanzu yana aiki tare da maganin thyroid mai jinkiri.
• Magunguna a cikin komai a ciki, 4 hours daga alli da baƙin ƙarfe, sake duba TSH a 6-8 makonni.